Frequently Asked Questions About Wills, Living Wills and Powers of Attorney

WHAT DOES A WILL DO?The simplest way toaccording to the will.WHAT ABOUT UPDATING MY
ensure that your funds, property and personal effectsWILL?You'll probably need to update your will several
will be distributed after your death according to yourtimes during the course of your life. For example, a
wishes is to prepare a will. A will is a legal documentchange in marital status, the birth of a child or a move
designating the transfer of your property and assetsto a new state should all prompt a review of your will.
after you die. Usually, wills can be written by anyYou can update your will by amending it by way of a
person over the age of 18 who is mentally capable,Codicil or by drawing up a new one. Generally, people
commonly stated as "being of sound mind andchoose to issue a new will that supersedes the old
body."WHO NEEDS A WILL?Although wills are simpledocument. Be sure to destroy the old will after you
to create, about half of all Americans die without onesign a new one.WHAT ABOUT ESTATE
(or Intestate). Without a will to indicate your wishes, theTAXES?The property included in your will may be
court steps in and distributes your property accordingsubject to taxation. In planning your will, take into
to the laws of your state. Wills are not just for the rich;account the following:---Federal estate taxes will
the amount of property you have is irrelevant. A willgenerally be due if the net taxable estate is worth
ensures that what assets you do have will be given tomore than $1,000,000. This amount is scheduled to
family members or other beneficiaries you designate. Ifgradually increase from $1,000,000 in 2002/2003 to
you have no apparent heirs and die without a will, it's$3,500,000 in 2009 so that it will eventually shield
even possible the state may claim your estate.Having$3,500,000 in gift or estate transfers from tax per
a will is especially important if you have young childrentaxpayer. Estates in excess of the exempt amount
because it gives you the opportunity to designate acan be taxed at a rate from 37% to 50% (the top
guardian for them in the event of your death. Withoutpercentage is scheduled to gradually decrease to 45%
a will, the court will appoint a guardian for your childrenin 2009). Also, note that these estate tax changes are
who may be someone you do not even know.WHATscheduled to be repealed in 2010. If not extended, the
ARE THE ELEMENTS OF A WILL?What youtax law will revert to the estate and gift tax provisions
generally need to make a will:1) Your name and placein affect in 2001. Consult a tax or financial professional
of residence;2) Names and addresses of spouse,to determine a plan that is right for you and your
children and other beneficiaries, such as charities orfamily.---State death or inheritance taxes---Federal
friends;3) Alternate beneficiaries, in the event aincome taxes---State income taxesYou may be able
beneficiary dies before you do;4) Name and addressto minimize your estate tax by establishing a trust or
of an Executor/ Executrix to manage your estate;5)giving gifts during your lifetime. You can also cover the
Name and address of an alternative Executorcost of estate taxes by purchasing a life insurance
Executrix, in the event your first choice is unable orpolicy intended to pay taxes. Talk to your life insurance
unwilling to act;6) Name and address of a guardian foragent to find out more about how this works.WHERE
your minor children;7) Name and address of anSHOULD I KEEP MY WILL?Once your will is written,
alternative guardian, in the event your first choice isstore it in a safe place that is accessible to others
unable or unwilling to act;8) The age you wish yourafter your death. I suggest that you keep it in a fire
minor children to have control of their inheritance;9)proof box that you can purchase at any office supply
Any burial requests you may have (cremation, wherestore. I do not suggest that you keep your will in a safe
you want to be buried, etc.);10) Your signature;11) Twodeposit box because many states will seal your safe
Witnesses' signatures; and12) Notarization.Two of thedeposit box upon your death. Make sure a close friend
most important items included in your will are naming aor relative knows where to find your will.WHAT IS A
guardian for minor children and naming an Executor/LIVING WILL?A living will is not a part of your will. It is a
Executrix.WHAT IS A GUARDIAN?In most cases, aseparate document that lets your family members
surviving parent assumes the role of sole guardian.know what type of care you do or don't want to
However, it's important to name a guardian for minorreceive should you become terminally ill or permanently
children in your will in case neither you nor your spouseunconscious. It becomes effective only when you
is able and willing to act. The guardian you choosecannot express your wishes yourself. Discuss your
should be over 18 and willing to assume thewishes as reflected in your living will with family
responsibility. Talk to the person ahead of time aboutmembers, and be sure all your doctors have a signed
what you are asking. You can name a couple ascopy.WHAT IS A POWER OF ATTORNEY FOR
co-guardians, but that may not be advisable. It's alwaysHEALTH CARE (HEALTH CARE PROXY)?A power
possible the guardians may choose to go theirof attorney for health care (health care proxy) is not a
separate ways at some later date, and, if so, apart of your will. It is a separate document that
custody battle could ensue. If you do not name aauthorizes someone you name to act in accordance
guardian to care for your children, a judge will appointwith your medical intentions. It becomes effective only
one, and it may not be someone you would havewhen you cannot express your wishes yourself. You
chosen.WHAT IS A EXECUTOR/EXECUTRIX ANDshould make sure that all your doctors have a signed
WHAT DO THEY DO?An Executor/Executrix is thecopy.WHAT IS A FINANCIAL DURABLE POWER OF
person who oversees the distribution of your assets inATTORNEY?A financial durable power of attorney is
accordance with your will. Most people choose theirnot a part of your will. It is a separate document that
spouse, an adult child, a relative, or a friend to fulfill thisauthorizes someone you name to act in accordance
duty.If no Executor/Executrix is named in a will, awith your financial intentions. It becomes effective only
Probate Judge will appoint one. Probate refers to thewhen you cannot express your wishes yourself. You
legal procedure for the orderly distribution of propertyshould make sure that all your financial professionals
in a person's estate. The Executor/Executrix files the(stockbrokers, accountants, financial planners) and
will in probate court, where a Judge decides if the will isbanks have a signed copy.PLAN AHEADThe end of
valid. If it is found to be valid, assets are distributedyour life is something you probably don't want to dwell
according to the will. If the will is found to be invalid,on, but thinking about what will happen to your loved
assets are distributed in accordance with stateones and your assets and personal possessions is
laws.Responsibilities usually undertaken by an Executorimportant. Making sure you've done all you can to
Executrix include:--Paying valid creditors;--Payingmake their lives easier will give you peace of mind.
taxes;--Notifying Social Security and other agenciesAnd once your will is drafted, you won't have to think
and companies of your death;--Canceling credit cards,about it again unless something significant in your life
magazine subscriptions, etc.; and--Distributing assetschanges.