Health Savings Accounts and Taxes

HSAs have a "triple" tax advantage from a federalfederal program, each state decides whether to: a)
tax standpoint. Individuals receive full tax advantagescomply with the federal guidelines, or; b) establish their
for HSAs on their Federal Income Tax return (orown state guidelines regarding the tax treatment of
through a salary reduction program in certainHSAs. As a result, some income that may be tax-free
employer-sponsored settings) regardless of particularat the federal level may not be tax-free at the state
state's tax treatment of HSAs.level.
An account beneficiary may take an above-the-lineMany states harmonize their tax treatment with the
deduction (i.e. the amounts may be used to determinefederal government. Those states include Arizona,
the individual's adjusted gross income before anyArkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia,
itemized or standard deductions are considered) forHawaii, Idaho, Iowa, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky,
contributions made to an HSA during any month of theLouisiana, Maryland, Missouri, Mississippi, New York,
individual's taxable year that the individual is eligible. TheMontana, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, North
permitted deduction cannot exceed the sum of theCarolina, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, South Carolina,
"monthly limitations" for such months. In 2006, theOregon, Rhode Island, Virginia, Utah and Vermont.
monthly limitation for any month is 1/12th of theOther states, however, treat HSAs differently from
following amounts:the federal government, at least for tax purposes. The
- For those with single coverage on the first day offollowing states have indicated that legislation must be
the month, the lesser of the annual deductible underpassed at the state level before HSAs receive a tax
the HDHP or $2,700.benefit at the state level: California, Illinois, Maine,
- For those with family coverage on the first day ofMassachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire,
the month, the lesser of the annual deductible underNew Jersey, Ohio, Washington DC, Wisconsin, West
the HDHP or $5,450.Virginia and Tennessee. New Hampshire and
Funds in an HSA grow on a tax-deferred basis, andTennessee do not tax income, but do tax dividends
distributions from an HSA are tax-free so long as theand interest. Alabama has not indicated their position
funds are used for qualified (as defined by Sectionregarding state-level tax benefits for HSAs. Finally,
213d of the IRC) health care expenses.some states are not affected by federal income tax
How does state tax treatment of HSAs differ fromguidance vis-Ã -vis HSAs: those states include
federal tax treatment?Alaska, Florida, Nevada, South Dakota, Texas,
HSAs (and the enabling legislation) are federal. As aWashington and Wyoming.