An Overview of the Alternative Minimum Tax

The alternative minimum tax (AMT) is one of the leastThe AMT, however, does not allow the standard
understood and most controversial parts of the federaldeduction, personal exemptions, or certain itemized
income tax system of the United States. It is an extradeductions. Also, some income which is not subject to
tax some people have to pay on top of the regularthe regular tax is added for AMT purposes. Your tax
income tax and it is used to recapture their tax liabilityunder AMT rules may therefore be higher than what
and some deductions.you would owe under regular taxation rules. The AMT
Any taxpayer whose income exceeds a specifieddetermines the minimum amount of tax someone with
level, based on his or her filing status, is required toa specific income should pay. If this person is paying
compute tax owed under both the regular income taxthat much already with regular income tax, he or she
and AMT systems, and is liable for whichever amountwill not be subject to paying AMT. If, however, that
is higher. It is therefore an alternative - albeit mandatorytaxpayer's regular tax falls below the minimum, he or
alternative - method for calculating one's taxes.she has to make up the difference by paying the
Initially, AMT was introduced to prevent people withalternative minimum tax.
very high incomes from using special tax benefits toDetermining How Much AMT to Pay
pay little or no tax and to make sure that theseAfter calculating your taxes using both methods, you
taxpayers paid at least a minimum amount of tax.will need to compare the amount you need to pay
However, because AMT is not automatically updatedaccording to regular income tax and the amount
for inflation, more middle-class taxpayers are becomingaccording to the AMT. If the regular tax amount is
subject to it. Due to this fact, a provision was includedhigher, then you are not liable to pay any AMT.
in the latest stimulus package passed by Congress toHowever if the regular tax is lower, then the difference
at least temporarily raise the income threshold forbetween the two amounts will be the AMT you will
AMT liability.have to pay.
The Difference between Alternative Minimum Tax andFor example, if your regular income tax is calculated at
Regular Tax$1,025 and your AMT amounts to $1,500, you will be
The AMT has a completely different set ofliable to pay a difference of $475. If however, your
calculations than the regular tax. When calculatingregular income tax is $1,500 and your alternative
regular tax, you add up your total income, subtractminimum tax is $1,025, you will not be liable to pay
various deductions and personal exemptions, and thenAMT.
calculate the tax. With the regular tax, you can alsoOn a more positive note, an AMT credit can also
claim various credits to reduce your tax even further.reduce your taxes in years after the year you paid
AMT rates start at 26% and move to 28% at higherthe alternative minimum tax. This is applicable if you
income levels while regular tax rates start at 10% andpaid AMT because of certain "timing items" such as
then move through a series of steps to a high of 35%.exercising incentive stock options.