Australian Taxation - How Long Should Business Records Be Retained?

A case that was recently decided in the Federal Courtthere was verbal evidence from the people who
highlights a problem in relation to the keeping ofactually engaged in the transaction. I note that the
business records. During the 1988 income year, a unitfinancial statements were prepared by a reputable
trust engaged in the purchase of a significantfirm of Chartered Accountants.
investment. It was not a good investment. Not too longIn his testimony before the court, the original owner of
afterwards the investment was worthless and in Maythe units said that he did not have any of the business
1993 the investment was sold for $1. This resulted inrecords of any of his companies or entities from 21
the unit trust incurring a capital loss of nearly $2.5m.years ago. I know of few people that would.
All of the units in the trust were sold from the originalSo here's the point. Generally, businesses are required
owner to a new owner in two tranches. One was into keep their records for a five year period under the
June 1993 and the other was in June 1995.Australian taxation law. But when it comes to capital
Capital losses may only be deducted for tax purposesgains tax, you need to keep records of everything that
against capital gains. Put another way, capital lossesmay be relevant to working out whether you have
may not be used as a deduction against normalmade a capital gain or capital loss. And, according to
income. Due to this, the capital losses were carriedthe ATO publication "Record Keeping For Small
forward by the unit trust until a capital gain was madeBusiness", "You must keep these records for five
by the unit trust in 2001.years after you sell or otherwise dispose of an
The Australia Taxation Office ("ATO") raisedasset...". So, you may need to keep the records for a
amended assessments against the ultimatevery long time.
beneficiaries of the trust and would not allow theYou will note in the case I refer to above that the
capital loss of $2.5m to be set off against the capitalATO required the taxpayer to produce business
gain made in 2001. The beneficiaries objected to thisrecords of a transaction that was 21 years old. Further,
and the matter found its way to the Federal Court.the disposal of the investment occurred in 1993, so that
The main argument of the ATO was that the trustwas 16 years earlier (not five).
had fundamentally changed through some things thatThe moral of the story is this: if you think that a
happened in 1993. I won't go into the details of that.transaction may have long term significant tax
However, the ATO also argued that the taxpayersimplications, don't (ever?) throw out the primary
could not prove that the purchase of the investmentdocuments that relate to that transaction. Keeping an
occurred in 1988 because, among other things, theelectronic (scanned) image is something that you
primary documents that evidence the transaction noshould consider.
longer existed. This was so even though the financialWishing you easier business.
statements of the unit trust showed the acquisition and