S Corporation Tax Explained

Many businesses start life as an s-corp and whenLosses
profitable become c corps to benefit from incomeLike an LLC, S-corporation losses flow through to the
splitting and fringe benefits. Alternatively they form anindividual shareholders and can offset your other
LLC which is simpler to form and operate but offersincome. However, you cannot deduct a loss greater
the same personal liability protection.than your stock basis.
S corps don’t pay federal corporate income taxYour stock basis is generally the total money and
but they do have to file a tax return – Form 1120Sproperty you put into the business.
reporting the profits or loss of the business. K-1 formsTo qualify for S-Corp status:
are then given to the shareholders who report the·No more than 75 shareholders are allowed. Venture
figures on their individual tax returns.capitalist are often  put off by this sort of set up.
Salaries and bonuses paid by your S-corp are subject·Non US citizens are not allowed to be shareholders
to income tax and self-employment tax but dividends·Individuals, certain partnerships and other S
are only subject to income tax – there is noCorporations can be shareholders but S Corporations
self-employment tax.cannot be owned by C Corporations, other S corps,
State Taxationmany  trusts, LLCs and partnerships.
·Most states tax s-corps the same as the Federal·S Corporations can only issue one class of stock -
Government does.common stock. Your ownership percentage
·The shareholders are subject to state income taxesdetermines your percentage of the pass through
on their share of the profits.income. This is different to LLCs where the
·Some states require you to make an extrapercentage of pass through income does not have to
S-corporation election.be the same as ownership percentage.
·Some states do not recognize s-corporations and·Your interest is freely transferable, which means you
treat s-corporations like c-corporations.can sell it without the approval of other shareholders.
Your s-corporation will still be an s-corporation forLLC members need approval from the other
federal tax purposes but not for state tax purposes.members.
This means you will have to file a state tax return.·Your ownership interest is easy to sell or transfer to
Some states such as California, New York and Newfamily members. This can be time consuming and
Jersey tax both the s-corporation and thecostly for a sole proprietor or partnership. With
shareholders – a form of double taxation. However,corporations your ownership of all the business assets
the corporate tax rates are usually modest.is wrapped up in the stock you hold and all you have
If you want to set up an s-corporation contact yourto do is sign over your stock.
state income tax office and ask them whether a·The corporate structure allows you to easily sell
separate state s corporation election is required andshares in the company through stock offerings. This is
how s-corporations are taxed.useful for attracting investors and employees.