New Jersey's Tax Exemption And Abatement Laws

P.L.1991, c.431 with final retroactive amendmentsproperty to which a qualified municipality (a municipality
effective August 5, 1992 consolidated, into one morewith "areas in need of rehabilitation") could grant a
flexible law, the various long term tax exemption lawspartial exemption and abatement for a five-year
under which municipalities may agree with privateperiod.These property types included:Homeowner
entities to undertake redevelopment projects in returnimprovements (including additions and enlargements)
for tax exemptions.P.L.1991, c.441, effective for the firstmade to one-unit or two-unit residential dwellings that
full tax year commencing after its January 18, 1992were more than 20 years old. As determined by
enactment, consolidated the various five-year taxordinance the first $4,000, $10,000 or $15,000 of
abatement and exemption laws into one, moreincreased value due to improvement on each unit
standardized law to govern all tax abatements andcould be exempted from taxation (see N.J.S.A.
exemption regardless of the type of structure.Long54:4-3.72 to 3.79).Commercial and industrial
Term Tax Exemption LawPrior to 1993, which wasimprovements and construction projects (with less
the first full year of operation governed by the newthan a 30% increase in building volume) could have the
Long Term Tax Exemption Law, under the provisionsfull assessed value of the improvement exempted
of N.J.S.A.40:55C-40, the "Urban Renewal Corporationwith payments in-lieu of taxes made at 2%of project
and Association Law of 1961," commonly known ascost or 15% of annual gross revenues or an in-lieu of
the Fox-Lance Act, a qualified municipality (atax payment phased-in. (see N.J.S.A. 54:4-3.94to
municipality with "areas in need of rehabilitation") could3.112).Multiple dwelling improvements or conversion of
abate from 15 to 20 years the taxes on newlyother types of structures to multiple dwellings could
constructed industrial, commercial, cultural, or residentialhave up to 30% of the full value of the improvement
projects of a corporation, with profits in excess of theor conversion alteration exempted. No in-lieu of tax
limited profits returned to the municipality, or from 30 topayment was required (see N.J.S.A. 54:4-3.121 to
35 years for condominium projects. Condominium3.129).Commencing in 1993 the provisions of N.J.S.A.
projects were given 30 to 35 years in order to provide40A:21-1 et seq., the "Five-Year Exemption and
a realistic period for permanent financing. Also, prior toAbatement Law," which consolidated all provisions of
1993 under the provisions of N.J.S.A.55:16-1 et seq., thethe previous five-year abatement statutes, permitted a
"Limited-Dividend Nonprofit Housing Corporation orqualified municipality to grant partial exemptions and
Association Law," a qualified municipality could abateabatements on residential dwellings, non-residential
for up to 50 years the taxes on newly constructedstructures and multiple dwellings in the same way the
housing. Further, under N.J.S.A.55:14I-1 et seq., a qualifiedpre 1993 law did, with the following notable exceptions
municipality could abate for up to 50 years the taxesmade to the new law:A new, single definition of "areas
on newly constructed senior housing. Lastly, prior toin need of rehabilitation" was established to govern all
1993, under the provisions of N.J.S.A.40:55C-77, theexemptions and abatements which, if chosen, could
"Urban Renewal Nonprofit Corporation Law of 1965,"enable an entire municipality to be designated as an
basically the same types of properties and projects asarea in need of rehabilitation (thus permitting new
the Fox-Lance Act could be abated for 20 to 25structures to facilitate infill construction).The new
years with all profits being returned to the municipality.five-year law also permitted, for the first time, tax
In all cases under these property tax exemption lawsabatements and exemptions for new construction of
in-lieu of tax payments were required.Commencing insingle family and multi-family dwelling units and
1993 the provisions of N.J.S.A.40A:20-1 et seq.non-residential structures rather than just
permitted a qualified municipality to abate the taxes onimprovements or enlargements to such properties.The
properties and projects in the same way the pre 1993new law also increased the allowable maximum tax
law did with the following notable exceptions:A new,exemptions for the value added by an improvement
flexible in-lieu of tax formula was established with afrom $4,000, $10,000, and $15,000 to $5,000, $15,000
phasing-in of payments in-lieu of taxes to occur underand $25,000, respectively, as the municipal ordinance
both the percent of gross rental formula and themay specify.Biography: Gerald 'Jerry' Dowgin "The
percent of total project cost formula.The formulas forProperty Tax Doctor" and the author of the
computing payment in-lieu of taxes for both officeHomeowner's Assessment Review Guide ( a former
projects and housing projects were changed. Thetax assessor worked in the field of public finance at
minimum annual service charge for office buildings wasthe State and local levels in New Jersey for more than
reduced from 15 to 10 percent of the annual grossthree decades until his retirement in 2001. As a
revenues of the project or units of the project.Supervising Tax Analyst in the Office of Research
Municipalities retained the option of computing theand Statistics in the Division of Taxation in the New
payment in-lieu of taxes at no less than 2 percent ofJersey Department of Treasury he worked principally
the total project cost or total project units cost. Foron local property tax issues. Then he joined the Office
housing projects the annual service charge wasof Legislative Services (OLS) in 1983 and served as
changed from a minimum of 15 percent to a maximumthe Secretary to the New Jersey Property Tax
of 15 percent of annual gross revenue of the projectAssessment Study Commission for four years. While
or from a minimum 2 percent to a maximum 2 percentworking in the OLS, Local Government Section he
of the total project cost or total project unit cost.Theresearched, drafted, and estimated the cost of the
payment in-lieu of tax formulas remains basicallySenior Property Tax Freeze Bill which was signed
unchanged for all other types of industrial, commercialonto law and worked on legislation that became law
or cultural projects.Five-Year Exemption andthat virtually stopped the tax assessment practice of
Abatement LawPrior to 1993, which was the first full"Spot Assessments" in New Jersey that had treated
year of operation under the new Five-Year Exemptionmany property taxpayers unfairly.
and Abatement Law, there were three types of